You need to do is answer five simple questions:
1: 2^x = Number of subnets
X is the number of masked bits, or the 1s.
FOR EXAM: in 11000000 the number of 1s gives us 2^2 subnets.
- in this example, there are 4 subnets.
2: 2^y - 2 = Number of hosts per subnet.
Y is the number of unmasked bits, or the 0s.
FOR EXAM: in 11000000 the number of 0s gives us 2^6 - 2 hosts.
- in this example, there are 62 hosts per subnet address & the broad cast address, which are NOT valid hosts.
3: 256-subnet mask = block size, or increment number.
FOR EXAM: would be 256 - 192 = 64
the block size of 192 mask is always 64.
bin: 11000000 dec: 128+64+0+0+0+0+0+0=192
star counting at zero in block of 64 untill you rich the subnetmask.
value & these are your sub-nets. 0, 64, 128, 192. Easy, huh? 0, (+64) 64, (+64) 128, (+64) 192
4: since we ciunted our subnets in the last section as 0, 64, 128 & 192. the broad cast address is always the number right befor the next subnet!
FOR EXAM: the subnet has a broadcast address of 127 because the next subnet is 128.
and so on!! remember, the broad cast address of the last subnet is always 255.
5: valid hosts are the number between the subnet, all 0s & all 1s.
FOREXAM: if 64 is the subnet number & 127 is the boardcast address then 65 - 126 is the valid host range. it's always the numbers between the subnet address & the broadcast address.
- How many subnets does the chosen subnet mask produce?
- How many valid hosts per subnet are available?
- What are the valid subnets?
- what's the broad cast address of each subnet?
- what are the valid hosts in each subnet?
1: 2^x = Number of subnets
X is the number of masked bits, or the 1s.
FOR EXAM: in 11000000 the number of 1s gives us 2^2 subnets.
- in this example, there are 4 subnets.
2: 2^y - 2 = Number of hosts per subnet.
Y is the number of unmasked bits, or the 0s.
FOR EXAM: in 11000000 the number of 0s gives us 2^6 - 2 hosts.
- in this example, there are 62 hosts per subnet address & the broad cast address, which are NOT valid hosts.
3: 256-subnet mask = block size, or increment number.
FOR EXAM: would be 256 - 192 = 64
the block size of 192 mask is always 64.
bin: 11000000 dec: 128+64+0+0+0+0+0+0=192
star counting at zero in block of 64 untill you rich the subnetmask.
value & these are your sub-nets. 0, 64, 128, 192. Easy, huh? 0, (+64) 64, (+64) 128, (+64) 192
4: since we ciunted our subnets in the last section as 0, 64, 128 & 192. the broad cast address is always the number right befor the next subnet!
FOR EXAM: the subnet has a broadcast address of 127 because the next subnet is 128.
and so on!! remember, the broad cast address of the last subnet is always 255.
5: valid hosts are the number between the subnet, all 0s & all 1s.
FOREXAM: if 64 is the subnet number & 127 is the boardcast address then 65 - 126 is the valid host range. it's always the numbers between the subnet address & the broadcast address.
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